![]() ![]() ![]() PL-280 was a repudiation of the federal government's historic "special relationship" with the tribes. The act was passed in 1988 as a response to a supreme court ruling on a suit brought by the state of California, which was asserting jurisdiction over tribal gaming on reservations within its boundaries because of its Public Law-280 status, a federal statute passed in 1953, which transferred civil and criminal jurisdiction to five mandatory states. True, tribes can open gaming facilities – pursuant to congressional oversight granted in the Indian gaming regulatory act (IGRA). High-stakes gambling is only allowed in specific and rather infamous locations such as Las Vegas and Atlantic City where wealth is ubiquitous so, naturally, many think tribes are rich because they've been given "permission" to operate casinos. Despite being given "consent" to operate casinos on their own sovereign lands, the vast majority of tribes live in a poverty that many Americans would never dream existed in their own back yards. Contrary to what many Americans believe, most Native people are living in desperate conditions. ![]()
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